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CONTENTS:

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK:

1. World
2. Africa
3. Americas
4. Asia Pacific
5. Europe
6. Middle East
7. South Asia
8. Cyberterrorism and Information Warfare
9. Finance
10 Human Rights
11. Law and Legal Issues
12. Narco-terrorism
13. Transportation
14. Weapons of Mass Destruction
15. Recently Published

FEATURE ARTICLE:
September 11 Reading List

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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK

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1. World

The Commission on Intellectual Property Rights issued a report on the interaction between western notions of intellectual property and the needs of developing countries. They find that strong protections for western intellectual property adversely affect poor countries, increasing the costs of agriculture, medicine, and education. Their analysis will help shape policies for sustainable development both within developing countries and for companies that hope to do business internationally.

On a less constructive note, the attention of the world is focused on the proposed opening of another international war front, this time against Iraq. It is unclear why the US administration of President Bush is almost uniformly pressing for immediate action in this regard, given the lack of immediate danger (as Bush himself has acknowledged) and the certainly devastating consequences of such an action. The rhetoric is complex and confusing, so look at the facts:

Note: The US is the only country that has previously used chemical, biological and nuclear weapons internationally. It is this use of such weapons in World Wars I and II that led to their limitation and international treaties against their use.

While the final outcome of an attack is uncertain, some of the immediate consequences are known. The Middle East, particularly in the midst of the ongoing conflict between Israelis and Palestinians, is profoundly unstable. An attack on Iraq could unleash tensions that are barely controlled now. The international economy is stagnant, and the US deficit growing. Trying to pay for another war and rebuilding both Afghanistan and Iraq, would be a huge challenge. In addition, putting so many resources in a movement against Iraq will take away resources from the "war on terrorism" and on investments in national security. Given all this, it is profoundly to be hoped that an alternative to war against Iraq is rapidly engineered.

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2. Africa

Democratic Republic of Congo is making strides towards peace as occupying armies have begun to withdraw. The roughly 2,000 Ugandan troops will be gone by the end of the year. Zimbabwean troops (12,000 at their height, about 2,400 now) have begun to withdraw, leaving a key diamond area. Rwanda has announced it will begin withdrawing next week. However, disarming the rebel groups remains the greatest challenge.

The cause of an explosion that destroyed a hotel in Ethiopia, killing 1 and injuring 38, is being investigated. Oromo Liberation Front rebels had attacked the hotel before. Other recent bombing incidents in Ehtiopia were blamed in the extremist al-Itihad al-Islamiya group.

Liberia has ended the 8-month old state of emergency. The government claims that most of the areas occupied by the Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) have been retaken.

Namibian farmers are concerned by announcement of a land reform program similar to that in Zimbabwe.

Nigeria?s President Obasanjo is defending his record against charges of corruption, abuse of power, and misappropriation of public funds. He has admitted sending the army against civilians in 1999 and 2001, killing hundreds to put down civil unrest. He is threatened with impeachment even as voter registration has begun in preparation for elections. Nigeria is also seeing a large increase in Sharia sentencing. Amina Lawal, convicted of adultery, was sentenced to be buried up to her neck in sand then stoned until she is dead.

UN peacekeeping forces in Sierra Leone will have their mandate, due to expire at the end of the month, extended for another six months.

Fighting in Sudan continues in the south between government forces and the Sudan People?s Liberation Army (SPLA). The government has been conducting aerial bombings of rebel-held areas, but the SPLA says they are ineffective.

Ugandan rebels, the Lord?s Resistance Army (LRA) has continued their attacks despite having announced a ceasefire two weeks ago. They attacked an army truck, soldiers, and a mission. In these attacks, dozens of civilians were kidnapped and several soldiers and rebels killed. Two kidnapped Italian priests were released.

Zambia denied reports that it was allowing genetically modified food, prohibited in the country, to be used for refugees.

After a Zimbabwean government ultimatum amid continuing violence, dozens of white farmers have fled. Agricultural disruption and political violence have led to widespread hunger.

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3. Americas

Canadian Prime Minister Chretien and US President Bush met at the border to announce changes in customs controls to speed up the border crossing. Also discussing Iraq, the Prime Minister urged President Bush to build an international coalition and pay attention to the needs of poorer countries. In Montreal, Pro-Palestinian protesters caused former Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu to cancel a speech.

Colombian National Liberation Army (ELN) rebels kidnapped six children from a school bus. They were later released. The ELN also released 10 of the 26 kidnapped last month. Colombia continues to have the highest kidnapping rate in the world: one abduction every three hours. This kidnapping occurred as the ELN and the government were meeting in Cuba regarding possible peace talks.

Carlos Castano, chief of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), has said that if accused of drug trafficking he will surrender and prove his innocence. The AUC, dissolved last month, is being reconstituted with a new approach that seeks to become respectable, without ties to the drugs trade.

Colombia has been given $42 million in military aid from the US government, who cited their improved human rights record. This follows new powers to the police that include suspension of constitutional guarantees to allow detention without warrants for 24 hours, detention without charge for another 36 hours, searches without warrants, zones of restricted travel and curfew, and tapping of communication lines.

Mexico has withdrawn from the Rio Treaty of 1947 that states that "an armed attack by any state against an American State shall be considered as an attack against all of the American States".

The head of Peru?s Truth and Reconciliation went to Japan to meet with the exiled ex-President, Alberto Fujimori, who is accused of murder. Fujimori refuses to cooperate and the Japanese, saying he is also a Japanese citizen, have refused to extradite him. During Fujimori?s rule, 30,000 people were killed.

The United States, joined by the rest of the world, commemorated the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks on New York and Washington. Using the new color alert system, the nation was placed on "high risk" alert, moving from yellow to orange and the state of emergency first invoked September 14 of last year, was extended.

Back in Washington, selective fingerprinting of "suspicious" visitors has begun. Congress is set to pass terrorism insurance. The US is rejoining the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) after an 18-year absence. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has removed the chapter on global warming from its annual federal report on air pollution trends.

The National Governors Association announced its priorities for homeland security as:

The state of Florida had a terrorism scare that shut down a major highway for several hours when three medical students ran afoul of a restaurant patron, who reported them to the police as planning a terrorist attack. This proved to be false.

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4. Asia Pacific

Warnings of terrorist threats against targets in Asia on the September 11 anniversary led to the closing of several embassies and high alerts.

European Union delegates visited the Burmese government, dissident groups, and Aung San Suu Kyi, helping to promote political reconciliation.

China is eager to embrace use of the Internet but is struggling to fit it in with other political goals. This week witnessed restrictions on web search engines and redirection of users to policy-friendly sites and away from controversial information, such as details of the prohibited Falun Gong.

The Uigher Muslim separatist group in China, the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETM) has been added to US and UN lists of terrorist organizations. Meanwhile, Taiwan?s President Chen Shui-bian has called China?s threats against Taiwan to also be a form of terrorism.

Protestors in Indonesia were poisoned by cyanide-laced food handed out during the demonstration. Rubber bullets and water cannons used by the police injured others.

Nine Kyrgyz police officers taken hostage by villagers when they tried to arrest anti-government demonstrators were released.

Another group of North Korean defectors has been allowed to leave China for South Korea. North and South Korea have reached an agreement on how to reconnect rail and road links across the border.

The son and daughter of Julio Ledesma, a member of parliament in the Philippines, have been kidnapped. The reason is not known, but kidnapping for ransom has become common.

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5. Europe

Bosnian authorities are investigating allegations by the US that one of its arms companies has been supplying weapons to Iraq, in breach of UN sanctions.

Georgia and Russia are at daggers drawn over treatment of Chechen rebels. While Georgia claims it has improved security and rebels are not hiding out, Russia insists they are still harboring terrorists and that if Georgia does not act against them, Russia will.

German police raided Tatex Trading, an import/export firm, on suspicion of smuggling Islamic fundamentalists into Germany and offering financial and logistical aid including money laundering.

Italian police have arrested 15 suspected al Qaeda members, taken into custody from an intercepted cargo ship last month. They carried papers suggesting they were Pakistani citizens, but Pakistani authorities said these papers had been forged.

Under tight security, Macedonians are voting in the first general election since last year?s ethnic Albanian uprising. In two separate incidents, a policeman then a gunman have been killed and two people injured in a shootout with the police.

A mass grave of people previously arrested by Russian police has been discovered in Chechnya. Russia claims to have killed another 25 Chechen rebels. After a 6-week break, humanitarian aid from the UN, suspended after the abduction of an aid officer, has been resumed. The kidnapping of a Medecins San Frontieres worker followed shortly after. Neither has been released.

Sergei Kukura, a senior executive of Lukoil, has been kidnapped in Moscow, prompting a $1 million reward.

The US has put in place sanctions against Russian firms Tula Design Bureau of Instrument Building, State Scientific Production Enterprise Bazalt, and Rostov Airframe Plant 168 for selling arms to Libya, Sudan and Syria.

Spanish police have broken up a march by thousands of Basque nationalist supporters, following the banning of the Batasuna nationalist party.

Switzerland has become the 190th member of the United Nations. (See a country report on Switzerland by the Financial Times, in the edition of September 10.)

Violence in Northern Ireland continues, possibly threatening planned police reforms.

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6. Middle East

In Egypt, a military court has concluded a trial of 94 accused Islamic militants, convicting 51 on crimes to overthrow the government, planning assassinations and destruction of property, and financing international militant groups.

In Gaza, the Israeli army continued its daily raids, flattening buildings, blowing up homes, arresting suspect and enforcing curfews. Saddam Hussein, already paying $25,000 to the families of suicide bombers, has started paying $5,000 to families whose homes have been destroyed. Premature explosion of a bomb killed three and injured five. Gaza members of the Palestinian Legislative Council, unable to travel, participated in a meeting by video link.

Iran has said that if the US launches an attack on Iraq it will not violate the border and accuses the US of using terrorist tactics. They are preparing for an influx of refugees in case of an attack.

Israel is also preparing for strikes against Iraq, vaccinating people and supplying gas masks.

Israeli Prime Minister Sharon has warned that Lebanon?s plan to divert water from its River Hasbani to irrigate a drought-stricken village could lead to war. During its occupation of southern Lebanon 1987-2000 Israel had controlled the Hasbani, which normally flows into the Sea of Galilee, Israel?s primary source of fresh water. The water level has already been hurt by drought. US officials are attempting to moderate the dispute.

Qater is preparing for a strategic role as a staging area in a US war against Iraq.

Saudi Arabia has confirmed it will be going ahead with a trade fair in Baghdad in early November. They have also closed key natural gas fields to US oil companies, presumably ending the proposed reopening of western development projects.

Yasser Arafat held a Legislative Council meeting in the ruins of his bombed out offices in the occupied West Bank. The Legislative Council has for the first time begun to assert its authority separately from Arafat?s. The entire cabinet resigned, and Arafat is trying to rebuild it. He has agreed to elections on January 20.

Fatah has also agreed to end attacks on civilians.

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has found that the Palestinian economy is so damaged by the fighting over the past two years that is is in negative development. Almost half the population lives on less than the poverty level of $2 per day. The means to implement reforms or look after themselves have been completely depleted and the situation is possibly irremediable.

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7. South Asia

Many reports have been emerging that cite al Qaeda?s renewed strength. With operations in some 60 countries, and most of the leadership (and wealth) still extant, the organization has been disrupted but not knocked out. A report by Jane?s suggests that greater sympathy in the Islamic world could have even strengthened the organization.

Al-Jazeera, an independent Arabic television station, has been broadcasting statements by al Qaeda leaders, including one tape said to be from bin Laden, and a statement from Taliban leader Mullah Mohammed Omar.

The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has begun as assessment of the damage done in the past 30 years of war in Afghanistan. Their report is due in December. Investment in rebuilding is slowly coming in.

General attacks against US troops and among rival militias and widespread crime continue to threaten stability of Afghanistan. US troops have launched another offensive against al Qaeda and Taliban forces in the southeastern mountains.

Bangladesh students and businesses have closed in a half-day strike, protesting the closure of the university.

A train crash in India claimed the lives of at least 100. Railway authorities claim sabotage, but investigators say it could be an accident and an inquiry is under way.

India?s Supreme Court is intervening in the continued dispute between the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu over water from the shared Cauvery River. The water dispute has brought the high tech city of Bangalore to a halt because of a strike over the water dispute with Tamil Nadu.

Cabin crew and passengers on an Air Seychelles flight to the Maldives foiled an attempted hijacking. Indian authorities are investigating.

India and Pakistan are engaged in massive land-mining of the Kashmir border area.

In Indian-administered Kashmir, a controversial election is going forth despite continued violence, protests, and boycotting from opposition groups. A senior Kashmiri politician was assassinated, militant attacks and police battles have killed dozens.

This week in Nepal, more than 100 were killed in fighting between Maoist rebels and the security forces. Most of those killed were police, leading to a review of security practices.

Pakistan arrested five men, members of Harkat-ul-Majahideen, suspected of plotting to assassinate President Mucharraf. But the biggest coup was later in the week, when police killed two gunmen (and one child) and arrested five suspected al Qaeda members, including Ramzi Binalshibh. His recent interview on Al-Jazeera may have helped provide information that intelligence used to track him down.

Sri Lankan trade unionists and government supporters held a peace rally that attracted thousands. With positive movements towards peace, tourism has jumped back.

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8. Cyberterrorism and Information Warfare

The InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) has announced project proposals to develop five biometric standards for application profile interoperability and interchange for transportation workers and for border crossings, and data formats for finger minutiae, face recognition, and finger patterns.

Intel has announced technology to build security into its microprocessors, helping combat computer viruses. They are also working with VeriSign to provide digital identity cards to help improve mobile security.

Security firm mi2g reports an increase in serious attacks by Islamic hacking groups.

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9. Finance

Assets of Wael Julaidan were frozen last week when he was accused of funding al Qaeda. At the time, US authorities announced it as a joint initiative with Saudi Arabia, but this cooperation has been denied.

Benevolence International Foundation, charged with perjury regarding its ties to bin Laden, has had this, the last charge, dismissed, so eliminating the last accusation the group, led by imprisoned Enaam Arnaout, was funding terrorism.

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10. Human Rights

Sergio Vieira de Mello has become the new United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, replacing Mary Robinson.

The Afghan family deported by the UK Home Office has won a partial victory when the court ruled their expulsion was illegal, but that their appeal could be conducted without a return to Britain.

Professor Christine Bell and Inez McCormack resigned from the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission, saying it was ineffective, and lacked both power and resources.

Rodolfo Stavenhagen, United Nations envoy for Indian peoples, says the majority of Guatemala?s native Mayans continued to suffer institutionalized discrimination and violence.

The Israeli Interior Ministry has stripped an Arab Israeli, Nahad Abu Kishaq, of his citizenship because of his alleged involvement in the militant Hamas group.

A moving article by Peter Landesman helps to personalize the Rwandan genocide by showing how extreme and long-lived the slaughter and its after-effects have been. See "A Woman?s Work: Rwanda?s minister for women?s affairs at the time of the 1994 war is accused of an incomprehensible evil -- inciting Hutus to rape thousands of female Tutsis. Pauline Nyiramasuhuko is now the first woman ever on trial for genocide." in The New York Times Magazine, September 15, 2002. Among other information, this cites the statistic that 70 percent of women raped during the genocide were infected with HIV.

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11. Law and Legal Issues

Feroz Abbasi and Shafiq Rasul, being held without charge at Guantanamo Bay, are going to the Court of Appeal to force UK government intervention in the case.

Sufian Bakri Abdu and Moussa Mohammed Nasser have been arrested and charged in Jerusalem with attempting to poison diners in a caf? and also become suicide bombers.

Benevolence International Foundation, charged with perjury regarding its ties to bin Laden, has had this, the last charge, dismissed, so eliminating the last accusation the group, led by imprisoned Enaam Arnaout, was funding terrorism.

Ramzi Binalshibh (a/k/a Ramzi Mohamed Abdelleh Omar) and five other suspected al Qaeda members were captured by Pakistani authorities after a gunfight. Although one of Germany?s most wanted, they have agreed not to stand in the way of a proposed US extradition. Binalshibh is suspected of close involvement in the September 11 attacks and once roomed with Mohamed Atta, leader of the hijacking operation.

The Bloody Sunday inquiry in Northern Ireland has heard testimony from a retired police officer that the first gunfire he heard had come from a weapon commonly used by the IRA at the time.

Faiz Chopdat of England was arrested for reckless endangerment after playing a game on his mobile phone during a flight. He can be jailed for up to two years.

The German government has offered families of the 12 victims of the Munich Olympics just under $3 million in compensation, and no apology. This is much less than the $29 million they had requested.

Five men have been arrested in a suburb of Buffalo, New York, as suspected al Qaeda members operating an active cell. They are all American citizens, Yahya Goba, Sahim Alwan, Shafal Mosed, Yasein Taher and Faysal Galab.

Hussein Hariri, jailed on a life sentence for hijacking an Air Afrique flight from Congo to Paris and killing one passenger in 1987, has gone missing after a period of leave. Swiss authorities have raised an international alert for his recovery.

Sheik Mohamed Abdirahman Kariye was arrested at Portland International airport in the US and has been detained on charges of Social Security fraud while further investigations are undertaken, following a positive reading for traces of explosives in his luggage.

Canadian Omar Khadr is being held on charges of killing an American medic while fighting with al Qaeda. Canada has asked to interview hi, but the US has refused permission.

Nihad Abu Kishk has been stripped of his citizenship by the Israeli interior minister because he was suspected (thought not convicted) of membership in the militant group Hamas.

Mullah Krekar (a/k/a Najm Al-Din Faraj Ahmad), leader of the new Kurdish Islamic group Ansar al-Islam (Partisans of Islam) has been arrested in the Netherlands. Jordan and the US are both interested in his extradition; Jordan on drug trafficking charges.

Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, convicted of the Lockerbie bombing, is appealing his case to the European Court of Human Rights.

The first phase of Slobodan Milosevic?s war crimes trial has finished as prosecutors presented their final, 124th witness on the charges of crimes against humanity in Kosovo. In two weeks, the next phase will deal with crimes of genocide related to Bosnia and Croatia.

Mounir al-Motassadek was arrested in Germany on charges of being accessory to the September 11 attacks.

Judge Brinkema ruled in the Zacarian Moussaoui case that tapes of the airliner that crashed in Pennsylvania on September 11 would not be used in court, as requested by prosecutors, because it had marginal value as evidence while posing unfair prejudice.

Elhadj Aboubacar Sanda, Sultan of Zinder and Niger?s most senior traditional ruler, has been sentenced to two years in prison for fraud. He has been accused of involvement in killings, kidnappings, coup plots, drug trafficking and fraud.

Majors Harry Schmidt and William Umbach face charges of involuntary manslaughter and assault following the "friendly fire" bombing of Canadian troops that killed four and injured eight.

Angeliki Sotiropoulou was arrested in Greece on suspicion of belonging to Novermber 17 and supplying explosives and firearms to the group.

The secret United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review is reviewing a Department ofJustice request for sweeping new wiretap powers. It is unknown whether their decision will be made public.

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12. Narco-terrorism

Carlos Castano, chief of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), has said that if accused of drug trafficking he will surrender and prove his innocence. The AUC, dissolved last month, is being reconstituted with a new approach that seeks to become respectable, without ties to the drugs trade. Given their previous reliance on narcotics trafficking as the main source of income, both claims seem unlikely. Later in the week, Colombian authorities seized four tons of cocaine belonging to the AUC. The drugs were on a boat destined for the US.

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13. Transportation

Cabin crew and passengers on an Air Seychelles flight.to the Maldives foiled an attempted hijacking. Indian authorities are investigating.

Faiz Chopdat of England was arrested for reckless endangerment after playing a game on his mobile phone during a flight. He can be jailed for up to two years.

Hussein Hariri, jailed on a life sentence for hijacking an Air Afrique flight from Congo to Paris and killing one passenger in 1987, has gone missing after a period of leave. Swiss authorities have raised an international alert for his recovery.

A cargo ship in New York harbor was investigated because of higher than normal radiation levels, but it was found to have an innocent source -- ceramic tiles.

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14. Weapons of Mass Destruction

Misuse of the anthrax antibiotic Cipro may be leading to bacterial resistance. The problem is of particular concern because Cipro is part of a family of drugs that is used broadly against many bacterial infections.

Bioweapons expert Steven Hatfill?s home was searched by the FBI for the third time.

An investigation into Gulf War syndrome is called for after investigators confirm that it cannot be attributed to mental illness. This investigation could be of urgency, given that another war in Iraq is on the horizon.

There are widespread concerns over safety of nuclear plants. Japan?s Nuclear Safety Agency confirmed Tepco?s breach of safety standards and falsified records in some dozen instances. In the US, Project on Government Oversight investigated plant security and found numerous problems, including lack of staffing, gaps in training, and ineffective or nonexistent tools.

A vaccine against the ricin toxin has been successfully tested in animals. Traces of ricin were discovered in al Qaeda caves in Afghanistan. Ricin was used in the umbrella attack that killed Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov in 1978.

Smallpox vaccination plans in the US are in the final states of development and should be announced soon.

US Senator Patrick Leahy has asked for an investigation in any possible link between terrorism and the unexpected spread of the mosquito-borne West Nile virus.

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15. Recently Published

With the first phase of Slobodan Milosevic?s trial complete, these books remind us why he is before the international tribunal:
Djukic, Slavoljub. "Milosevic and Markovic: A Lust for Power" McGill-Queen?s University Press

Michas, Takis. "Unholy Alliance: Greece and Milosevic?s Serbia" Texas A&M University Press

Pavlowitch, Stevan K., "Serbia: The History of an Idea" New York University Press

Sell, Louis. "Slobodan Milosevic and the Destruction of Yugoslavia" Duke University Press.

Foden, Giles. "Zanzibar" Faber. (a fictionalized account of Tanzanian embassy bombing)

Landesman, Peter "A Woman?s Work." in The New York Times Magazine, September 15, 2002.

Wright, Lawrence. "The Man Behind bin Laden: How an Egyptian doctor became a master of terror" in The New Yorker, September 16, 2002

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FEATURE ARTICLE:

The Munich Olympics, 30 years later

Rather than contributing to the flood of information that has followed the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in the US, we thought it would be worthwhile highlighting those we believe will have lasting value or provide an unusual resource. The books listed here deal only with the events of September 11 and do not cover broader issues around the causes or actions that have followed. (You can read the Newsletter and the other resources on terrorismcentral.com to gain this information.)

Aguilera, Carolina. "Our Heroes" Planeta. English and Spanish editions. Profiles of 15 Hispanic firefighters.

Baer, Ulrich. "110 Stories: New York Writes After September 11" New York University Press. Collection of fiction, poetry and short nonfiction from a diverse group of writers.

Bernstein, Richard and the staff of the New York Times. "Out of the Blue: A Narrative of September 11, 2001". Holt/Times. A powerful personal account drawn on staff reports.

Bresenham, Karey, editor. "America from the Heart". C&T. Quilts inspired by the World Trade Center

Bull, Chris and Sam Erman. "At Ground Zero". Thunder?s Mouth/Nation Books. Eyewitness accounts from journalists on the spot.

CBS. "What We Saw: The Events of September 11, 2001 in Words, Pictures, and Video. Simon and Schuster. Illustrated book packaged with DVD.

DeFede, Jim. "The Day the World Came to Town" HarperCollins/Regan. Talks about the day when 6,500 airline passengers were grounded in Gander, Newfoundland, a town of 10,000 people.

Essen, Thomas von. "Strong of Heart". Regen. Von Essen is the New York Fire Commissioner.

Fink, Mitchell and Lois Mathias. "Never Forget". Regan Books. Oral history.

Friedman, Thomas. "Longitudes and Attitudes: America in the Age of Terrorism" Farrar Straus Giroux. Collection his York Times columns and selections from personal diary.

Halberstam, David. Firehouse. Hyperion. Firefighters in New York.

Handon, Victor Davis. "An Autumn of War: What America Learned from September 11 and the War on Terrorism" Anchor. A collection of his essays from National Review Online

Hollabird, Jean. "Out of the Ruins" Gingko. Watercolors of Ground Zero by a local artist.

Jones, Bruce. The Call of Duty: The Precinct. Marvel Comics. Six-issue comic series on the New York Police Department.

Langewiesche, William. "American Ground: Unbuilding the World Trade Center" NorthPoint. This is expanded from the Atlantic Monthly features cited here previously.

Longman, Jere. "Among the Heroes: United Flight 92 and the Passengers and Crew Who Fought Back". HarperCollins/Regan Books.

Lutnick, Howard and Tom Barbash. "On Top of the World" Harper Collins. Written by the CEO of Cantor Fitzgerald, who lost more than 600 employees in the World Trade Center.

Murphy, Dean E. "September 11: An Oral History" Doubleday.

New York Police Department. "Above Hallowed Ground" Viking Studio. Photographers from the NYPD helicopter as it happened.

Newsday and the Tribune. "American Lives: The Stories of the Men and Women Lost on September 11" Camino. Profiles those who died and lists all the victims

Picciotto, Richard. "Last Man Down" Berkeley. Personal stories about the New York firefighters.

Salon.com editors. "Afterwords: Stories and Reports from 9/11 and Beyond" Washington Square. A collection from contributors to the online magazine.

For Children:
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Bromfield, Richard. "Living with the Bogeyman: Helping Your Child Understand Fear, Terrorism, and Living a Full Life in a World of Uncertainty" Prima.

Cart, Michael. "911: The Book of Help" Cricket/Marcato.

Frank, Mitch. "Understanding September 11". Viking.

Gellman, Marc. "And God Cried, Too: A Kid?s Book of Healing and Hope" Harper Collins

Holmes, Margaret. "A Terrible Thing Happened" Magination.

Jonell, Lynne. "Brevemole" Putnam.

Kalman, Maira. "Fireboat: The Heroic Adventures of the John HJ. Harvey." Putnam.

Osborne, Mary Pope. "New York?s Bravest" Knopf.

Reed, Mike. "Even Firefighters Hug Their Moms" Dutton

Thoms, Annie. "With Their Eyes: September 11th ? The View from a High School at Ground Zero" HarperCollins.

Waber, Bernard. "Courage". Houghton Mifflin/Lorraine

We do not want to forget
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Please remember another American tragedy that happened on September 11: the Chilean coup of 1973 that placed Pinochet in power. This US-backed act led to 17 years of dictatorship marked by rampant political violence and state terrorism under which around 4,000 were killed (some early estimates ranged as high as 20,000) and many more were tortured and imprisoned.

Constable, Pamela (editor), "A Nation of Enemies: Chile Under Pinochet". Norton, 1993

Ensalaco, Mark. Chile Under Pinochet: Recovering the Truth. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999

Linz, Juan J. et al, editors. "The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Chile" Johns Hopkins, 1979

Meller, Patricia. "The Unidad Popular and the Pinochet Dictatorship" St Martins, 2000