Following recent reports of smuggling, ranging from North Korea's alleged sale of heroin through weapons caches off the coast of Gaza, we thought it would be interesting to take a look at a related maritime issue that doesn't get a lot of attention: piracy. The News Highlights this week cover events around the world, from the G8 summit to the latest discussions between nuclear rivals India and Pakistan.

CONTENTS:

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK:

1. World
2. Africa
3. Americas
4. Asia Pacific
5. Europe
6. Middle East
7. South Asia
8. Cyberterrorism and Information Warfare
9. Finance
10 Human Rights
11. Law and Legal Issues
12. Narco-terrorism
13. Transportation
14. Weapons of Mass Destruction
15. Recently Published

FEATURE ARTICLE:
Maritime Security: Piracy on the High Seas

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK

1. World

The Heads of State and Government of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, US, and Russian Federation, with the EU are meeting in Evian, France in the G8 Summit. The G8 meetings were preceded by celebrations in St Petersburg on the occasion of its 300th anniversary. These and other preliminary meetings helped to set a civilized tone for a group of industrialized countries whose interests have grown steadily more fractured. Tens of thousands of anti-globalization demonstrators have protested, sometimes violently, at the meetings, held back by very heavy security. Further information about G8 can be found at the University of Toronto's excellent Information Centre http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/. In addition, the Financial Times has published a superb 4-part series "The Divided West" that appeared from May 27 through May 30 and also offers special G8 coverage in the May31-June 1 issue. http://www.ft.com

Even while these leaders are attempting to repair differences brought to a head over the war in Iraq, news from the ground has increased domestic concerns regarding the war. The absence of weapons of mass destruction has been a particular issue in the UK. Prime Minister Blair has announced that he has secret evidence they do exist and he will share it with the public. Given statements by US officials that weapons may never be found and that their existence was merely a political pretext for the war, he has an uphill battle to rebuild trust within his party and among the British people.

In the US, President Bush's highly staged claim of victory has been undermined by persistent violence in which nearly every day members of the US force are killed. The commander for US land forces, Lt. Gen. David McKiernan, has said that the war is not over and that many of the recent attacks have come from organized local groups. Further troops are being sent, but the level of unrest is rising, aggravated by adoption of door-to-door searches of homes. Humanitarian aid is still greatly hampered by insecurity. Inquiries into the way that rebuilding contracts have been awarded have also undermined administration credibility. These and other issues have created an opportunity for the opposition Democratic Party to criticize the reconstruction efforts.

World health issues also continue to dominate the news. With the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), the World Health Organization has been given new powers to conduct on-the-spot investigations and has been given additional communications and reporting resources. This measure was adopted at the annual meeting, as well as approval of the landmark tobacco control treaty that could be in force within a year. WHO members unanimously called for action to combat violence, citing these statistics: 2,200 suicides per day; 1,400 homicides per day; and 850 a day killed in war.

There has been no progress regarding the nuclear crisis in North Korea.

2. Africa

One of the most important outcomes of the G8 meeting will be in policies developed towards Africa. The discussion has been under pressure even before it began. For example, the US has emphasized investment in combating HIV/AIDS, following its recent authorization of $15 billion in future aid. France, on the other hand, has emphasized the need to eliminate the agricultural subsidies in developed countries that have made it difficult for Africa's agricultural sector to develop.

The first major discussion at G8 was with Africa's economic development group, NEPAD. It is a year since the NEPAD initiative was first announced and the African leaders have now presented their plan for improving governance. Good governance is a prerequisite for increased aid, including potential debt relief, but a plan alone may not be sufficient to satisfy G8 leaders.

In Algeria, 14 people from the same family were killed by suspected Islamic militants, possible with the Armed Islamic Group (GIA). In the recovery after the disastrous earthquake, the government has blocked militant Islamic groups from helping the recovery, particularly irregular fundraising.

Fighting in Burundi continued as the African peace mission arrived. As many as 20,000 civilians have fled the fighting.

Democratic Republic of Congo's volatile situation may be helped by the imminent arrival of a UN peacekeeping force. More than 400 have been killed in ethnic fighting between Hema and Lendu militias in May alone. Selections from James Astill's report on the killings in Bunia, originally broadcast on BBC Newsnight, can be found at http://www.guardian.co.uk/congo/subsection/0,12292,966555,00.html (RealAudio or QuickTime).

Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi has said that the boundary ruling placing the village of Badme in Eritrea was wrong and unjust. The Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission is scheduled to begin demarcating the boundary in July. http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp?ReportID=34328. Organizers of Ethiopia's own fundraising concert raised more than $1 million, but the money alone will not solve the famine affecting nearly a quarter of the population.

Guinea-Bissau's elections will be postponed again due to lack of funding and the inability to update voter rosters in time.

Liberia's security and humanitarian situations are deteriorating. There has been an increase in the number of armed groups, child soldiers being forcibly recruited, and suspected opponents suffering amputations. The situation is too precarious to allow delivery of humanitarian aid. Peace talks have faltered; President Charles Taylor has said he will attend only the opening ceremony, and only one rebel group has suggested it would possibly participate.

In Malawi, a land invasion by landless peasants in a tea estate countered by security guards has killed one peasant and injured ten.

In Morocco, the suspected mastermind of the Casablanca, Abdelhaq Mousabbat, has died in police custody, allegedly from chronic heart and liver disease. Dozens of suspects have been held during the investigation. Morocco's parliament has passed a controversial anti-terrorism law that broadens the definition and increases the number of offenses subject to the death penalty. Tens of thousands of Moroccans demonstrated against terrorism last weekend.

Rwandan's have voted in favor of a new constitution designed to prevent any future genocide.

In Senegal, separatist rebel leader Sidi Badji of the Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance (MFDC) has died, age 83.

In South Africa, 32 people were arrested on possible charges of abduction, assault and murder in connection with the necklacing of two men. Necklacing is the practice of placing gasoline-soaked tires around the neck and setting them alight.

Ugandan rebels of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) attacked civilian vehicles, killing at least 15 and injuring more than a dozen.

Western Sahara is reviewing a plan proposed by the United Nations to resolve the political future, including semi-autonomy from Morocco ahead of an independence referendum. The UN mission will stay for another two months.

Zimbabwe is preparing for a week of nationwide protests called for by the opposition Movement for Democratic Change. Actions planned include prayer meetings and marches.

3. Americas

Argentina's new President Nestor Kirchner has forced out the head of the army as part of an initiative to reform the military and make sure it abides by the rule of law.

Canada and the US plan to hold talks on Canada's possible participation in the US missile defense shield.

Colombian President Alvaro Uribe is proposing to allow certain rebels in detention to go into exile.

Peru has declared a state of emergency following nationwide protests in which tens of thousands of farmers, teachers, healthcare workers and others undertook strikes and road blockades that have brought the country to a standstill. Confrontations with security forces using water cannon and gunfire were sometimes violent and have led to dozens of injuries, but as yet no fatalities.

The US Department of Homeland Security has authorized $500 million in grants to 30 cities to cover costs of the heightened alert levels and other support activities. The terrorism warning level has been reduced to "elevated" (yellow), ten days after high threat level had been associated with the Memorial Day holiday.

Venezuela's government and opposition organizations have signed an agreement brokered by the Organization of American States (OAS) to end the political crisis by providing a framework for a future referendum on President Hugo Chavez's presidency. This has not yet led to a cessation in violence.

4. Asia Pacific

Australia has staged internal counterterrorism exercises. But no one was prepared for the discovery that a man could carry two sharpened wooden stakes on a plane and use them to attack a domestic flight in Australia. Crew and passengers restrained the man who has been arrested. Several people were injured. It is not considered an act of terrorism, but has prompted a security review.

Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi of the National League for Democracy (NLD) has been detained at a government house in Rangoon. Security forces have surrounded the homes of other opposition leaders and indefinitely closed universities. These actions have been taken following clashes over the weekend, the extent of which is not yet understood. Prior to this, a Burmese court sentenced ten democracy activists to prison terms.

Cambodian police arrested three men linked to Jemaah Islamiyah accused of planning terrorist activities.

China's Intermediate People's Court has sentenced four internet journalists to long prison terms for subversion. The World Psychiatric Association has called on China to meet an earlier commitment to allow an investigation into charges that psychiatry has been misused as a political tool.

Indonesia's military action against separatist rebels in Aceh continues, with continued loss of life and the prospect of a long and bloody war. The US has asked for independent observers and the UN has expressed concern about the impact on civilians, particularly reports of extrajudicial killings and school burnings, as well as a large number of refugees fleeing the fighting and a shortage of humanitarian supplies following the disruption of supply lines. More than a hundred people have been killed, mostly rebels, according to Indonesian authorities.

The Philippines has taken similar military action against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in the southern island of Mindanao. The MILF have declared a unilateral, 10-day ceasefire but as yet the government has not reciprocated. Meanwhile, Raymond Bonner reports that, "Philippine Camps Are Training Al Qaeda's Allies, Officials Say. Terrorist Curriculum Is Said to Include Explosives", published in The New York Times, May 31.

Singapore also reports that Jemaah Islamiyah is alive and well and operating in the city-state.

Thailand has admitted the presence of Jemaah Islamiyah for the first time.

5. Europe

Belarus' President Lukashenko has decreed a ban on the use of the title "president" by anyone other than himself.

France and Switzerland have increased security in preparation with protestors and potential attacks associated with the G8 meeting.

Hungary is featured in a special report in the Financial Times, May 27. http://www.ft.com/hungary2003

Russia's parliament has approved the nuclear arms reduction agreement with the US. In Chechnya, three people were killed when a mine exploded under a minibus.

Serbian police detained 23 people in connection with the 1991 Vukovar massacre.

In northern Spain, a car bomb killed two police and severely injured a third. Basque separatist group ETA is suspected in the attack. Prime Minister Azner's party did not suffer serious damage in local elections, in what had been predicted as a backlash against support for the war in Iraq.

Demonstrators across Northern Ireland protested postponement of Assembly elections. It is not known when they will be rescheduled.

6. Middle East

The Israeli and Palestinian governments have held preliminary conversations regarding the Middle East roadmap and are preparing for a US-led summit.

Iran is under pressure from members of the US administration who have leveled accusations that Iran is harboring leaders of al Qaeda, interfering in Iraq and developing nuclear weapons. Iran has disputed these charges, pointing to their cooperation in the "war on terrorism" and their arrest of al Qaeda and other militants. They point to support from Russia to demonstrate their use of nuclear power is for energy production. And they have reacted angrily to the suggestion that the US interferes with their internal affairs, a strategy that so far has served only to damage the cause of reformists within the country. The US Pentagon has proposed a program of destabilization. In response, Iranian authorities have further cracked down on reformists.

Israel has announced it will remove some restrictions imposed in the occupied Gaza Strip and West Bank, withdraw from cities, and it may release some prisoners.

Kuwait is investigating mass graves in Iraq that may contain the remains of Kuwaitis executed in 1991.

Saudi Arabia has continued to arrest suspected al Qaeda operatives, now numbering more than two dozen including some associated with the Riyadh compound bombings. They are also investigating claims that weapons were sold by members of the national guard and have cracked down on militant preaching at mosques.

7. South Asia

In Afghanistan, armed escorts are supporting the UN mission to allow refugee and food programs to resume, but mine clearance is still suspended. Five Taliban have been arrested in connection with a bomb plot. 66 Pakistani prisoners have been freed.

In Assam, India, two armed men, possibly separatist rebels of the United Liberation Front of Assam, have shot dead a tea estate manager. In Bombay, a new anti-terrorist police squad will be added. This is in response to a series of bomb attacks since last December.

India's Karnatake state has asked for federal help to track down the notorious bandit Veerappan, wanted for more than 120 murders. Rajasthan state has sealed off part of the Jaisalmer Fort after a huge explosives cache was uncovered. The explosives found in the 12th century fort apparently dated from medieval times and are being examined by experts.

Indian-administered Kashmir has been the scene of more attacks. Five members of a Muslim family were shot dead in a militant attack. Three militants and a policeman were killed in a gunbattle and a second gunbattle killed three more militants. The fighting continues even as India and Pakistan are investing in diplomatic initiatives to improve relations and discuss ways to resolve the continued conflict over Kashmir.

Nepal is experiencing political unrest over King Gyanendra's assumption of executive powers. The Prime Minister has resigned and protesters have taken to the streets.

Pakistan's secular state is being challenged by the rise of Sharia law in the North West Province. In Lahore, gunmen shot dead five and wounded three outside a court, possibly associated with gang rivalry.

In Sri Lanka, the peace process is moving backward. The Tamil Tiger rebels have rejected a government proposal for a new development body and President Kumaratunga has dismissed the Norwegian peace mediators in unflattering terms.

8. Cyberterrorism and Information Warfare

First, some statistics:
* The Computer Crime and Security Survey from CSI and the FBI found 75 percent of those surveyed experienced financial losses from hacking, estimated at nearly half a million dollars. Over three-quarters of the attacks were from the outside, through an internet connection.
* The International Chamber of Commerce's Cybercrime Review finds that more than 60 percent of cybercrimes, primarily hacking and fraud, originate in the US, partly because of greater reporting there.
* mi2g reports that 2003 has already become the worst year for verified overt digital attacks. By May, there had been 87,903 attacks, compared to 878,525 for all of 2002.
* MessageLabs reports that 55 percent up emails sent in May were spam, compared to under 40 percent in April.

Another PayPal fraud has emerged in the UK, in which an email masked as a PayPal URL, asks for confirmation of financial details. It targets eBay customers.

Gartner Group has issued an advisory note to avoid using Microsoft Passport for at least six months because of the significant security concerns. If used, additional secure identity validation should be added.

The US Department of Homeland Security plans to replace the cybersecurity special advisor to the President with a new position inside DHS responsible for executing the "National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace". This downgrading of the position has raised concerns that it will not have enough authority, particularly in view of the strong need to partner with private industry.

A new site for open source forensic information, focused on digital evidence analysis and related issues, has launched: http://www.openforensics.org

9. Finance

The charitable al Aqsa Foundation has been designated as a terrorist group whose assets have been frozen by US and UK authorities. It is accused of channeling money to Hamas.

The Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (CIMA) has published an updated list of entities falsely claiming to be licensed or registered to conduct business. http://www.cimoney.com.ky/

The Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee, a non-governmental organization, has launched the Secured Easy Remittance Service (SERS) as a secure and legal replacement for the hundi (aka hawala) money transfer system now in use that has been declared illegal because of ties to terrorist financing.

The US Treasury and other regulatory agencies have issued a final rule to implement Section 326 of the USA PATRIOT Act that required new customer identification programs.

The US Office of Foreign Assets Control has replaced former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Montenegro and the Balkans by terminating emergencies and revising the list of Specially Designated Nationals. http://www.ustreas.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/actions/20030529.html

The US Treasury has lifted sanctions on doing business in Iraq.

10. Human Rights

Amnesty International released their annual report http://www.amnesty.org/report2003/index-eng. They find that, "In the wake of the 11 September 2001 attacks on the USA, and in the name of combating 'terrorism', governments stepped up the repression of their political opponents, detained people arbitrarily, and introduced sweeping and often discriminatory laws that undermined the very foundations of international human rights and humanitarian law." There is particular concern that as the US, an exemplar of human rights, jettisons them to conduct their 'war on terror' other governments take advantage of the opportunity to use terrorism as an excuse to abuse rights with impunity. Instead of making the world a safer place, the distraction from the real sources of insecurity -- "corruption, repression, discrimination, extreme poverty and preventable diseases" is lost, making people feel more secure now than at any time since the end of the Cold War.

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees reports a sharp drop in the number of people seeking asylum in Europe and North America, driven by reduced numbers from Iraq and Afghanistan. The Institute for Public Policy Research has published a report "Asylum numbers down but root causes of forced migration remain" that finds a need to address the underlying factors of war, repression and human rights abuse that leads to refugees. http://www.ippr.org/home/index.php?table=press&id=221

The Humanitares Volkerrecht - Informationsschriften (Journal in International Humanitarian Law) has published the first issue of 2003 focused on the war in Iraq. http://www.ifhe.de

11. Law and Legal Issues

Esam Mohamid Khidr Ali, Hajichiming Abdul Azi and Muhammadyalladuin Mading were arrested in Cambodia on suspicion of membership in Jemaah Islamiyah and of plotting terrorist attacks.

Ken Barrett has been accused in Belfast Magistrate's Court of the 1989 murder of Belfast solicitor and human rights advocate Pat Finucane. He has pleaded not guilty to this and other charges including membership of the Ulster Defense Association and Ulster Freedom Fighters.

Adil Charkaoui has been arrested in Montreal, Canada on charges of being an al Qaeda sleeper agent preparing attacks against western targets.

Saltaana Freeman has sued the US state of Florida to get a driver's license with a photograph in which she wears a veil to satisfy her religious beliefs.

Qari Abdul Hayee has been arrested in Pakistan on suspicion of leading the outlawed Lashkar-i-Jhangavi, linked to the murder of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl in 2002.

The country of Iran has been found, by a US federal judge, to be the sponsor of the 1983 bombing of the US Marine barracks in Beirut. This finding, made in a lawsuit filed by the families of the victims, opens the way for the plaintiffs to seek damages from Iran.

Brima "Buzzy" Kamara has been indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for alleged war crimes committed during the civil war.

Dr Ahmed Javed Khawaja and Ahmed Naveed Khawaja, detained for six months for alleged links to al Qaeda, have been acquitted in a Pakistan court.

Vladimiro Montesinos, former Peruvian intelligence chief, has been sentenced to eight years in prison for embezzlement.

Fabio Ochoa has been convicted in a Miami Florida court of rejoining a cocaine smuggling network after he had served six years in a Colombian prison.

David Mark Robinson has been charged in Australian court with an attempted hijacking of a Quantas flight.

Eric Rudolph, accused of attacks at an abortion clinic, a gay nightclub, and the 1996 Olympic Park bombing, has been arrested in North Carolina, US.

Nelson Vargas Rueda, a commander of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), has been extradited from Colombia to the US on charges of murdering three US indigenous rights activists in 1999.

Franko Simatovic "Frenki" has been transferred from Serbia to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia to face charges of crimes against humanity for his actions in Croatia and Bosnia Herzegovina 1991-1995.

Muklis Yunos has been arrested in the Philippines on charges of conducting terrorist operations with various militant Islamic groups in Southeast Asia.

12. Narco-terrorism

Australian police have reported another load of heroin smuggled from North Korea. It has been suggested that the North Koreans may be working with criminal gangs to export and distribute illegal drugs, as well as arms and counterfeit currency. Evidence that this is a North Korean government enterprise has not been forthcoming.

13. Transportation

An attempted hijacking in Australia, not related to terrorism, has raised issues of non-detectable weapons. The attacker was armed with two wooden stakes that cannot be detected by traditional airport metal detectors. He had carried the stakes on his person. To detect such weapons would require physical examination of passengers before boarding.

14. Weapons of Mass Destruction

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has arrived in Iraq. US forces have prohibited them from investigating looting of radioactive material and reports of radiation-associated illnesses. Instead, they have been restricted to minimum checks in the facility previously monitored by IAEA.

Tests for anthrax in equipment recovered from a pond in Maryland, US, have presented conflicting results and led to questions whether the pond should be drained for further investigation. Meanwhile, the US Postal Service is testing a new biological agent detection system.

15. Recently Published

Partha Bose, "Alexander the Great's Art of Strategy" Profile Books

Charles Enderlin "Shattered Dreams: The Failure of the Peace Process in the Middle East, 1995-2002" Other Press

Richard Helms with William Hood, "A Look Over My Shoulder: A Life in the Central Intelligence Agency" Random House

David Kaplan, "Playing Offense: The inside story of how U.S. terrorist hunters are going after al Qaeda" US News and World Report, June 2. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/issue/030602/usnews/2terror.htm

Steven A LeBlanc with Katherine E Register, "Constant Battles", St Martins

Peter Linebaugh, "The London Hanged: Crime and Civil Society in the Eighteenth Century" Verso

Pedro Rosa Mendes, translated by Clifford Landes "Bay of Tigers: An Odyssey Through War-Torn Angola" Harcourt

Jonathan Schell, "The Unconquerable World: Power, Non-violence and the Will of the People", Metropolitan Books/ Henry Holt

Jerry Speziale with Mark Seal "Without a Badge: Undercover in the World's Deadliest Criminal Organization" Kensingtong

Paul Tough "The Black White Supremacist: Leo Felton wanted to start a race war in America. but then his own heritage caught up with him." The New York Times Magazine, May 25, 2003

FEATURE ARTICLE: Maritime Security: Piracy on the High Seas

"* Warning 1 - Gulf of Aden. Six incidents of fast speedboats chasing or attempting to board ships have been reported since 16.05.2003.
* Warning 2 - Vicinity of Bintan Island and Anambas Islands, Indonesia. Increasing number of incidents have been reported in the vicinity of Lat 01 / 03N and Long 105 / 108E, in the past four weeks.
* Suspicious craft
20.05.2003 at 0600 UTC in position: 14:14.5N - 050:29.7E, Gulf of Aden.
Two speedboats followed a chemical tanker underway on a parallel course. Crew mustered and activated fire hoses. After following the ship for 30 mins, boats retreated towards Yemeni coast. 30 mins later, ship encountered similar situation and took same action to thwart the possible attack."

This is a very brief example of incidents reported to the International Maritime Bureau's (IMB) Piracy Reporting Centre and the warnings they develop for the maritime shipping industry.

Maritime security has received little public attention, but in fact represents one of the greatest global security risks. This vulnerability is highlighted in the IMB's annual piracy report and updated in their quarterly reports.

In fact, pirate attacks against ships have tripled in the last ten years.

In 2001 there were 335 attacks on shipping worldwide, compared to 370 attacks in 2002. But in the first quarter of 2003 there were 103 attacks -- a number equal to all attacks reported in 1993.

The coast of Somalia is perhaps the most dangerous, with an attack virtually certain. However, the sprawling archipelago of Indonesia sees the greatest number of attacks by far -- more than the next three combined. Indonesia reported 103 in incidents in 2002. In the first quarter of 2003 there have already been 28. Bangladesh is second, with 32 attacks in 2002 and nine in Q1 2003. India is third, with 18 and nine attacks, respectively.

Nigeria, reflecting increased political violence associated with the foreign oil industry, saw a big jump in attacks. In 2002 they had six, but from January to March 2003, there were nine. International oil shipments have been much more carefully guarded as the result of increased tension associated with the war in Iraq. Japan and Malaysia are among those that have taken additional security measures.

Areas cited as being of special concern include the Anambas Islands and Gelasa Straits of Indonesia, Chittaging and Mongla in Bangladesh, Chennai, Chochin and Haldia in India, Bintulu and Sandakan in Malaysia, and the Red Sea in Somalia.

Criminal gangs bent on extortion or theft are responsible for most of these attacks. In some cases, the revenue from such criminal activities is used to finance terrorist acts. In other cases, a cargo of weapons, fuel or drugs may be desirable, or the craft itself can be used in a terrorist attack either as a vehicle or as a weapon.

Terrorist attacks using small, explosive-laden craft such as those used against the USS Cole or the Limburg are difficult to prevent. They cannot be countered by those on board ship, so must be dealt with through channel and port security measures, including secured access routes and sufficient patrolling resources.

IMB offers practical advice to help prevent attacks. They call for the maritime industry to meet the requirements laid out in the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code. They believe it is important to improve prosecution of pirates, including cooperation by countries across international jurisdictions and appropriate penalties. China and India are noted for handing down long prison terms and taking on difficult, cross-jurisdictional issues, in contrast to the light sentences handed down in Indonesia.

According to IMB it is also important to accommodate international customs security rules. The most stringent of these is the US requirement of 24-hour advance manifest notification for container cargo screening prior to reaching a US port of entry.

The International Chamber of Commerce and the SSI Group have also entered into a joint venture to develop industry best practices and an international network of supporting industry, security and law enforcement resources. Conforming to these rules serves not only to help combat terrorism, but also helps to improve efficiency and provide more effective risk management.

Judging by the numbers, these measures are sorely needed.

For additional information:
There is an overview of maritime security in the June 23, 2002 issue of this Newsletter: https://terrorismcentral.com/Newsletters/062302.html
The International Maritime Bureau is a division of the International Chamber of Commerce's Commercial Crime Services. In addition to the annual report, they produce periodic meetings and special reports, including the Weekly Piracy Report http://www.iccwbo.org/ccs/imb_piracy/weekly_piracy_report.asp

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